Saldhigga lagu ogaado cudurrada badan waa baaritaan dhiig. Waxay leedahay calaamado badan oo kala duwan: waa maadada dhiigga ee dhiigga, unugyada dhiigga, xinjiraytaha, taramadaha iyo leukocytes, iyo heerka qulqulka lingocyde, iyo caanaha lakocyte. Falanqaynta falanqaynta fekerka, adoo tixgelinaya dhammaan waxyaallaha, waxay kali karaan kalkaaliye takhasus leh, sababtoo ah iyaga laftoodu waxay leeyihiin wax yar oo ay ku sheegaan oo kaliya baaritaanka dhiigga oo keli ah ayaa ku siin kara sawir buuxa oo ku saabsan xaaladda caafimaadka bukaanka.
Mid ka mid ah tilmaamayaasha muhiimka ah waa maadada dhiigga ee lymphocytes - unugyada dhiigga cad. Noocyada noocaan ah ee leukocytes ayaa mas'uul ka ah aqoonsiga jidhka shisheeye ee jirka bini-aadmiga ah iyo sameynta jawaab celin gaar ah oo ku saabsan kicintaas. Tani macnaheedu waa in lymphocytes ay qayb muhiim ah ka tahay nidaamka difaaca: waxay la dagaallamaan "wakiilada" shisheeye heerarka gacanta, iyagoo naftooda u huray iyagoo badbaadinaya jidhka, waxayna sidoo kale mas'uul ka yihiin soo saarista unugyada difaaca jirka. Lymphocytes waxaa loo soo saaraa dhuuxa lafta iyo qanjidhada qanjirada.
Caadi ahaan lymphocytes ee dhiigga ilmaha
Dadka qaangaarka ah iyo carruurta, heerka caadiga ah ee lymphocytes aad ayuu uga duwan yahay. Haddii dadka waaweyn ee boqolkiiba lymphocytes ee miisaanka guud ee leukocytes uu yahay qiyaastii 34-38%, da'da yar ee cunugga, tirada weyn ee unugyada dhiigga cad: 31% sanadkiiba, 4 sano 50%, 6 sano - 42% iyo 10 sano - 38%.
Marka laga reebo isbeddelladan, waa toddobaadkii koowaad ee nolosha ilmaha, marka tirada lymphocytes ay tahay 22-25%. Kadib, badanaa maalinta 4aad dhalashada ka dib, waxay kor u qaadeysaa oo si tartiib tartiib ah u bilaabataa inay hoos udhigto da'da, si tartiib ah. Sida caadada ah, maadada lymphocytes ee dhiigga waa erey qaran ah. Waxay isku bedeli kartaa hal dhinac ama mid kale, iyada oo ku xidhan cudurrada suurtagalka ah iyo hababka bararsan ee ku dhaca jirka ilmaha. Tirada lymphocytes waxay si toos ah ula xiriirtaa shaqada habka difaaca jidhka: Iyadoo horumarinta firfircoon ee unugyada difaaca, tiradoodu si dhaqso ah ayey u kordheysaa (tan waxaa loo yaqaannaa "lymphocytosis"), xaalado kale waxay si weyn u yareeyaan (lymphopenia).
U hoggaansanaanta ama iswaafajin la'aanta qiyaasaha lymphocyte waxaa lagu go'aamiyaa falanqaynta dhiigga iyadoo la adeegsanayo caanaha loo yaqaan 'leukocyte'.
Heerarka sare ee lymphocytes ee carruurta
Haddii falanqeyntu muujiso kororka dhiigga ee ku jira dhiigga cunugga, tani waxay muujin kartaa cudurrada kala duwan ee kala duwan, oo ka mid ah kuwa ugu badan ee soo socda:
- "Carruurta" cudurada faafa: xiiq-dheer, jadeeco, busbus, mumps;
- infekshannada halista ah ee khatarta ah: tifafka, toxoplasmosis, cagaarshow fayraska, qaaxada;
- muddada dib-u-soo-kabashada ee ilmaha ka dib markii cudur faafa oo daran;
- cudurrada nidaamka endocrine.
Haddii tiro badan oo ah qanjidhada 'atypical lymphocytes' lagu arko dhiigga ilmaha, xaqiiqadani waxay muujinaysaa horumarinta caabuqa faafa ee mononucleosis, oo ah cudur fayruus ah oo badanaa laga helo caruurta. Isla markaa, sababtoo ah lymphocytosis, tirada guud ee leukocytes ee dhiigga ayaa kor u kaca, iyo naftooda qanjidhada atypical, isbedel, noqdaan kuwo aad la mid ah monocytes.
Iyo haddii lymphocytes ee ilmaha yar yahay?
Lymphopenia badanaa waxay timaadaa sababo aan caadi ahayn oo ka yimaadda soo-saarka lymphocytes by jirka (tusaale ahaan, cudurada dhaxalka ee nidaamka difaaca). Haddii kale, hoos u dhaca tirada lymphocytes waa natiijo ka mid ah cudurrada faafa oo ay weheliyaan caabuq. Xaaladdan oo kale, waxaa jira marinnada lymphocytes ee ka yimaada xididdada dhiigga ee jirrada iyo unugyada jiran. Tusaalooyinka ugu wanaagsan ee cudurada noocan ah waa AIDS, qaaxada, geedi socodka nadiifinta kala duwan.
Intaa waxaa dheer, hoos u dhaca ku dhaca lymphocytes ayaa u muuqda kuwa bukaanka ku jira shucaaca ama daaweynta kiimiko, iyada oo la qaadanayo daaweynta corticosteroid oo leh cilladda Ishchenko-Cushing. Yareynta unugyada dhiiga cad ayaa macquul ah xitaa haddii ay jirto xaalad walaac ba'an.