Haddii aad la kulantid cudur sida cytomegalovirus, waxa ay tahay iyo haddii ay halis u tahay qof - kuwani waa su'aalihii hore ee aad rabto inaad weydiiso takhasusle. Baadhitaanada casriga ah ayaa si aad ah ugu soo baxday in la ogaado caabuqyada aan hore loo aqoon. Cytomegalovirus waa feejignaan, had iyo jeer ma siiso sawir kiliin ah, iyo sida loo daweeyo infekshanka cytomegalovirus si buuxda looga saaro jirka fayrasku waa hawl culus oo dhakhaatiirta.
Waa maxay cytomegalovirus?
Infakshanka Cytomegalovirus (CMV) ama cytomegaly waa infekshin yar oo la ogaaday 1956. Khabiirada Microbika ayaa qeexay fayraskan sida qoyska reer herpesviruses - nooca cudurka herpes virus ee fayruska 5. Qoyska Herpesvirus waa kan ugu ballaaran ee dhammaan cudurrada la heli karo ilaa taariikhda, iyo qof kasta oo labaad ee dunida ku xanuunsanaya ama sidan. Ilaha infekshanka iyo kaydka fayrasku waa kaliya aadanaha.
Tirada dadku waa:
- 10-15% dadka dhalinyarada ah;
- ilaa 50% - koox da'eed 30 sano iyo wixii ka sareeya.
Xasilloonida cytomegalovirus ee deegaanka dibadda waa mid aan muhiim ahayn, uma dulqaadanayo isbeddelka heerkulka, qaboojinta:
- at t + 4 ° - waa mid firfircoon ilaa 3 bilood;
- + 22 ° C (qol t °) - illaa 2 asbuuc;
- + 37 ° C - dhamaystir la'aanta fayruska muddo 2 toddobaad ah;
- -22 ° C - lumiyo hantidiisa 3 toddobaad kadib;
- shucaaca ultraviolet wuxuu dili doonaa 7 daqiiqo.
Sidee loo qaadaa cytomegalovirus?
Sidee loo daaweeyaa cytomegalovirus (CMV), maxay tahay, iyo jidadka isdifaaca - arimahani aad ayey muhiim u yihiin, maadaama fayrusku uu saameyn xun ku yeesho jirka. Isku-keenista jirka bini'aadamka, CMV "wuxuu ku qorayaa" unugyada si wanaagsan. Infekshanka cytomegalovirus-ka ee lagu ogaado dumarka uurka leh, carruurta iyo dadka waayeelka ah ee waayeelka ah ayaa adkeynaya inay doortaan habka daaweynta. Asal ahaan, habka faafinta fayrasku waa jawiga noolaha jirka. Waa kuwee sida infakshanka cytomegalovirus loo gudbiyo:
- dhiig - inta lagu jiro dhiig-shubidda, xubinta taranka, dhaawaca iyo jarista, waxqabadyada qalliinka, xilliga dhalmada (laga bilaabo hooyada ilaa ilmaha);
- candhuuf - hab hawo-hawo (hindhis, la hadlida gudbiyaha fayraska), dhunkasho;
- shahwada, qalabka maskaxda siilka - waqtiga galmada;
- Caanaha - ilmuhu wuxuu ku dhacaa naas-nuujinta.
Waa maxay cytomegalovirus-ka khatarta ah?
Unugyada difaaca qofku wuxuu ilaaliyaa caafimaadkiisa, wuxuuna ku dhacaa xubnaha jirka iyo nidaamyada qof caafimaad leh oo leh difaac adag, cytomegalovirus wuxuu ku jiraa xaalad hurdo (marxaladda virion) muddo dheer, marmarka qaarkood noloshiisa oo dhan. Laakiin isbedelka cimilada casriga ahi aad ayuu u sii xumaanayaa xoogagga difaaca jirka, sidaas awgeed cudurka ayaa sii koraya. CMV waxay halis u tahay dadka:
- oo leh hoos u dhigista difaaca jirka (carruurta, waayeelka, bukaanka daciifay);
- oo lagu daro cudurrada kale, ee loo yaqaan "mixtings of explosives": CMV oo qaba HIV , CMV qaba cagaarshow B, C wuxuu keenaa horumarinta guud ee cudurada;
- haweenka uurka leh - waxaa la yiraahdaa cytomegalovirus ee uurka waxay keeni kartaa saameyn mutogenic iyo teratogenic ah ee uur-ku-jirta.
Infekshanka infakshanka 'cytomegalovirus'
Calaamadaha cudur kasta waxaa ka mid ah wejiyada dhowr ah:
- caabuq;
- mudada xaddidan (qarsoon);
- Jaantuska calaamadaha (marxaladda degdega ah);
- soo kabashada ama ku-beddelidda qaab daba-dheer oo leh muddooyin furan.
Nooca ugu xun ee CMV ayaa ka muuqda xilliga caabuqa ee jiritaanka calaamadaha muuqda, celcelis ahaan 20-60 maalmood. Iyadoo dhiig-shubiddu ay si dhakhso ah u kobcin karto. Infakshanka cytomegalovirus waxaa lagu helaa iyada oo loo marayo bedelka meelaynta ama inta lagu jiro marinka ilmaha uurjiifka iyada oo loo marayo kanaalka dhalashada marka uu dhasho. Nooca ugu xun ee CMV ee ilmaha dhashay waa khatar sababtoo ah waxay dhalin kartaa:
- horumarinta cagaarshowga dhalada iyo kordhinta beerka;
- splenomegaly ;
- dhiig baxa xubnaha gudaha;
- dhaawaca habka dhexe ee dareenka.
Cudurka infakshanka cytomegalovirus
Foomka joogtada ah ee CMV waxaa lagu muujiyey sii xumeynta cudurkan oo ka soo horjeeda asalka arrimo kala duwan:
- Jaantuska xilliga guga (dayrta-gu'ga);
- Saameyn muddo dheer ah;
- hypothermia ;
- nafaqo-darro (carbohydrates la kariyo, cuntooyin istaarijin ah, cusbada xad dhaafka ah iyo ba'an);
- nolol jinsi ah.
Fikradaha joogtada ah, unugyada fayruska ku dhuftey ayaa ugu horeyntii la burburiyaa: qanjidhada salivary, unugyada dhiigga, unugyada lafaha, iyo xubnaha xuubka xubnaha taranka. Unugyada ayaa noqda mid aad u weyn, xaggan waxaa loo yaqaan 'megalocytosis'. Waqti ka dib, unugyada "barara" ayaa lumiya awoodda ay u leeyihiin inay wadaagaan oo ay dhintaan - qarxaan, oo keenaan caabuq ku dhaca unugyada ku wareegsan, kaas oo fayruska la soo saaro.
Cytomegalovirus - calaamadaha
Cytomegalovirus waa maxay calaamadaha, iyo sida loo garto in jidhka loo weeraray infakshanka caabuqa ah? Calaamadaha cudurka cytomegaly ee 'cytomegaly' waa mid aan caadi ahayn oo la mid ah calaamada infekshannada kale. Dhakhtar khibrad leh ayaa ka shakisan in jiritaanka cudurku u yahay tiro calaamado ah, laakiin erayga ugu dambeeya ayaa mar walba ka danbeeya daraasadda shaybaar ee bukaanka bukaanka. Raadinta sida infekshanka cytomegalovirus infekshankeeda u muujiso - astaamihiisa badanaa waxay ku xiran tahay jawaab celinta jirka.
Infekshanka cytomegalovirus ee ciridka
Calaamadaha cudurka cytomegaly ayaa maqan, qofku wuxuu dareemayaa caafimaad, marar dhif ah waxaa sii xumeyn kara xaalad mononucleose oo kale ah kaas oo cudurka infakshanka CMV uu calaamad u yahay calaamadaha soo socda:
- daal badanaa;
- khayaali;
- madax xanuun joogto ah;
- qarqaryo degdeg ah iyo murqaha muruqyada;
- dhidid hargab;
- inta badan rhinitis;
- xanuunka maxaliga ah ee muruqyada, kala-goysyada;
- hoos u dhac ku yimaada aragtida (jabinta indeballs);
- xoojinta qanjidhada noodhka ee goobta lagu hirgelinayo fayraska;
- ku xadgudubka wareegga dhiigga ee haweenka, dheecaankiisa iyo dheecaankiisa daahirka ah.
Marka la eego foomka qarsoon, astaamaha calaamadaha ayaa si tartiib ah u koraaya, marka ugu horeysa ee muuqaal muujinaya kala duwanaansho, laakiin waqti ka dib jidhku wuu yaraanayaa. Muddooyinka dhayalsiintu waxay beddeli karaan dib u soo noqoshada calaamadaha. Calaamadaha CMV ee carruurta leh foomka ku dhasha ama la helay (waxay noqdaan kuwo la dareemo marka ay gaarayaan 2-3 sano iyo inay gaaraan 8-9 sano):
- maqalka iyo itaal la'aanta araga;
- ARVI joogta ah;
- macaamilka suuxdinta suuxdinta;
- murqaha iyo xanuunada wadnaha.
Infakshanka cytomegalovirus guud ahaan
Cawaaqibka infekshanka cytomegalovirus ee qaabka guud waa mid ka mid ah dabeecada halista ah ee udubdhexaadka ah guud ahaan. Sawirka bukaan-eegtada leh foomkan waa mid aad u dhalaalaya, calaamadaha ayaa si dhakhso ah u kobcaya. Foomka guud ee la soo koobay waa cudurro halis ah: Cudurka HIV, Cagaarshow infekshanka iyo autoimmune, Nafaqada daran ee nidaamka difaaca jirka. Calaamadaha cudurka infakshanka cytomegalovirus ee dadka waaweyn:
- qandho leh dhidid dhidid;
- si dhakhso ah u kobcaya oof-wareenka qaba neefsashada neefsashada, quficinta qulqulka;
- caloosha caloosha oo leh dhoobo;
- jabinta xanuunka wareegta;
- oogista indhaha indhaha;
- booga
Calaamadaha ku dhaca carruurta ku dhasha CMV:
- naafada hadalka;
- chorioretinitis;
- dhagoolnimada;
- indho beelid (naafonimo ee dareemaha indhaha);
- hydrocephalus;
- maleyn la'aanta ku dhasha;
- jabinta nidaamka dareenka dhexe (xadgudub ku ah hawlaha garashada).
Ciladeynta cudurka infakshanka cytomegalovirus
Daraasadaha casriga casriga ah ee waqtiga ugu gaaban waxay muujinayaan wakiilka keena cudurkan, sababtoo ah daaweyntii hore ayaa la bilaabay, natiijooyinkuna aad u guuleysatay. Falanqaynta ku saabsan cytomegalovirus waa mid muhiim ah oo ujeeddooyin ka hortag ah, marka ay lamaanayaasha yaryar qorsheeyaan uur. Xilliga uurka, baaritaanku waa fure u ah nabadda haweeneed ee maskaxda ee horumarka caadiga ah ee ilmaha aan dhalan.
Dhiigga cytomegalovirus
Noocyo difaac oo gaar ah oo loo yaqaan 'cytomegalovirus' ayaa lagu ogaadaa inta lagu jiro tijaabada dhiigga. Daraasadan noocan ah waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu ogaado qiyaasta unugyada IgG / IgM immunoglobulins:
- IgG - ogaanshaha fasalka noocan ah ee difaaca jirka ma qaadaan qiime weyn oo ogaanshaha. Tani waa calaamad muujinaysa in jirdilku uu la kulmay infekshanka oo la qabsanaayo. Laakiin qiimaha kale ee antibiyuustu waxay bilaabmeysaa inay soo iibsato haddii tayada ay ka badato caadada 4 jeer - calaamad u ah in infekshanku uu ku jiro dillaac buuxa, ama kulan muhiim ah oo la yeesho fayraska.
- IgM waa calaamad aad u macquul ah oo ku saabsan joogitaanka wakiil infekshan jidhka ka mid ah, oo ka duwan IgG, unugyada difaaca jirka ayaa marka hore ka muuqda jidhka, waxay ku muuqdaan dhiig ka dib maalmo yar gudahood, marka astaamuhu aanu weli muuqan.
Falanqaynta PCR (jawaab celinta siligga polymer) - ogaanshaha iyo kala-saarista genom ee DNA-da ee pathogen-ka ee ujeedada barashada waxa loo tixgeliyaa qalab lagu ogaanayo ogaanshaha CMV:
- waxtarka iyo saxsanaanta ilaa 95%;
- falanqaynta waxaa lagu sameeyaa 2 maalmood gudahood;
- Dareenka sarreeya wuxuu caawinayaa inuu ogaado cudurku marxaladaha ugu horreeya.
Cytomegalovirus ee smear
Cilad-sheegidda infakshanka ma'aha mid wax ku ool ah, oo ku saleysan hal daraasad. Nidaam badan ayaa noo ogolaanaya inaan helno sawirka dhabta ah ee ogaanshaha. Cytomegalovirus ee dumarka waxaa lagu ogaadaa iyada oo la gooyo dheecaanka siilka iyo kaadi-mareenka. Cytology of smear ka caawisaa in la ogaado difaaca jirka ee fayruska iyo in la ogaado unugyada hoos u dhacay isbedelka morphological ay sabab u tahay saameynta dhaawac ee fayraska.
Cytomegalovirus - daaweynta
Dammaanadda ugu weyn ee caafimaadka waa ka hortagga, laakiin sida loo daweeyo cytomegalovirus haddii cudurka horay loo aqoonsaday? Dhaqtarka dhakhtarku waa inuu kordhiyo caddaynta bukaanka: sida loo aqoonsado cytomegalovirus, waxa ay tahay, cawaaqibta ay noqon karto haddii talooyinka daaweynta la dayacay iyo talooyinka dhakhtarku aan loo isticmaalin. Daaweynta infekshanka cytomegalovirus wuxuu u eg yahay tan:
- Mononucleosis iyo foomka qarsoon ee daaweynta uma baahna.
- Daaweynta siyaadada ah waxaa loogu talagalay in laga takhaluso calaamadaha.
- Iyada oo la raacayo qaabka intrauterine (congenital) ee CMV, daawo ganciclovir ayaa loo qoraa.
- Daawooyinka daroogada loo qoray ayaa loo yaqaan interferon series.
- Immunoglobulins waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu saxo difaac.
- Marka boogta afku u baahan yahay waxay u baahan tahay in lagu dhaqo xalka furasillin, decoctions ee geedo.
- Boogaha fayruska (acyclovir, tebrofenic, oxolinic) waxaa loo adeegsadaa nabarro fara badan oo ku dhaca xubinta taranka.
- Daaweynta faleebada ee massage waxaa loo isticmaalaa sawir khatar ah.